4x4s are a workhorse of a vehicle, being a mainstay in agriculture for their unique ability to traverse off-road terrain with ease. They have also found widespread appeal in those looking for a rugged vehicle with sporting possibilities – and car manufacturers have taken notice. But what of the tyres that keep them running?
Maintenance of 4×4 Tyres
What Makes a 4×4
A 4×4 is a four-wheel drive vehicle, typically used for rural and off-road driving. Where the majority of cars use a two-wheel drive system, with the front or rear axle receiving force from the drivetrain, 4x4s share that force between all wheels. True 4x4s have a locking differential system, that ensures energy is shared equally across the wheels – a necessary provision for preventing getting bogged down in mud and ice.
But not all 4x4s are made equal. Recent automotive trends have seen consumers respond well to the image of a 4×4, without an equivalent interest in the mechanics behind it. As such, there are many domestic SUV options on the market, that boast bigger wheels and a higher stature without actually being four-wheel drive.
Replacing 4×4 Tyres
In the event of a puncture or blowout, it is recommended that you do not simply replace the blown tyre. Instead, you should replace all four tyres if possible. This is partly because your tyres will all be the same age, and, due to being used on a four-wheel drive system, receiving more equivalent use than on other kinds of vehicles. As such, your other tyres may be close to failure themselves.
It is easier than ever to get a hold of tyres today; you can simply buy tyres online and replace your set at home. If replacing all four tyres is not a possibility for you at the moment, consider replacing your tyres in axle pairs – that is, if your right rear tyre blows, replace your back two tyres. This is the best practice for front- or rear-wheel drive vehicles, as uneven tyres can result in uneven pressures on the axle itself and cause a costlier repair further down the line.
Anatomy of a 4×4 Tyre
4×4 tyres are distinct from other kinds of car tyres in their design and purpose. 4×4 tyres are designed for rugged, off-road use, in order to provide solidity and traction to the driver. The tyres do this with a bold tread design, that increases surface contact and grip. The tread blocks are wider, to ensure solid contact with the terrain; the grooves between the tread blocks are deep and wide, to provide more purchase on rock shingles and in wetter and muddier conditions.
4×4 tyres also tend to be rated for heavier loads, in order to support the weight of the 4×4 and anything they may be hauling. The result is a resilient tyre that provides peerless traction on steep and unforgiving terrain. While unsuited for smooth tarmac roads, 4×4 tyres are the most efficient design for real off-road driving.
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